淮畔“蓼”旧事之文庙的格局变迁
<div class="wx_rich_media_content" id="jsWxContainer"><section><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>以下文章来源于霍邱文史</span><span style='color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'> </span><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>，作者道甯</span><br></section><section class="mp_profile_iframe_wrp"><mpprofile class="js_uneditable custom_select_card mp_profile_iframe" data-pluginname="mpprofile" data-id="MzkzOTM3NjA4MQ==" data-headimg="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/ibQwN1YzY9ItmM4dBCUTeNoQzemYlCQicOJ8GSuTjKVeUUSbfiaPl0JBPvyvPJpmEcAtmstwGA5lxMeiaKicPxcTsIQ/0?wx_fmt=png" data-nickname="霍邱文史" data-alias="" data-signature="交流切磋古城霍邱文史知识" data-from="0"></mpprofile></section><p style='margin-bottom: 0em;'><span style='outline: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'></span></p><p style='text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0em;'><br></p><section data-role="outer" label="edit by 135editor"><section style='box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;'><section style='box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='text-align: left; justify-content: flex-start; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='box-sizing:border-box;max-width: 100% !important;display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;background-color: #eef9f4;padding: 24px;'><section style='box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='box-sizing:border-box;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 100px;align-self: flex-end;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;'><section style='transform: perspective(0px);transform-style: flat;box-sizing: border-box;transform: perspective(0px);-webkit-transform: perspective(0px);-moz-transform: perspective(0px);-ms-transform: perspective(0px);-o-transform: perspective(0px);'><section><br></section></section></section></section></section><section style='text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><section class="channels_iframe_wrp"><mpvideosnap class="js_uneditable custom_select_card channels_iframe videosnap_video_iframe" data-pluginname="videosnap" data-id="export/UzFfAgtgekIEAQAAAAAAWjkVi82anwAAAAstQy6ubaLX4KHWvLEZgBPE8qFsc2YPdquDzNPgMIucOk7O3_0IFMOF7TxGdLFu" data-url="https://findermp.video.qq.com/251/20304/stodownload?encfilekey=oibeqyX228riaCwo9STVsGLPj9UYCicgttvRm2apA3IvbnGLCic0HicQr3d2yXepYv8dhquouGelibYdYnicj0GzjLpPpyMS7V7gE4PqUJVv7KrZaemk7DdjiaNzuRphqF3sFLkxodImbYia73bY&adaptivelytrans=0&bizid=1023&dotrans=0&hy=SH&idx=1&m=e3621275ccc565bdbdcc1c26af5eac2a&token=x5Y29zUxcibBH6oOAgZia9q1iazcb2MwPqewicBe6jiagyOhZTupMibk2JaaCGWCKkBs2Liaia4BwPjwqn0" data-headimgurl="http://wx.qlogo.cn/finderhead/Q3auHgzwzM4BQoIuz4Oa08s2FPa3MujppOQSTc6LFLZLvRN4CerJhQ/0" data-username="v2_060000231003b20faec8c6e68b11c0d2cd02ec37b0778d28f225e6440a303add969ea37a90ab@finder" data-nickname="霍邱论坛" data-desc="走近霍邱文庙，带你看看霍邱文庙在几百年间的格局变迁。#霍邱文庙 #霍邱论坛 #宣传家乡文化" data-nonceid="998801220999939479" data-type="video" data-width="1920" data-height="1072"></mpvideosnap></section><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>对于在霍邱城关长大的朋友来说，文庙承载了我们共同的乡土记忆。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>那是县城内为数不多保存较为完好的历史建筑——红墙黄瓦、飞檐翘角、古朴厚重。踏着油滑的青石板，一路仰望葱郁的松柏，穿过两庑来到古朴庄严的大成殿前，这并不漫长的道途，仿佛走过了古城的千年时光……</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>霍邱文庙在不同时期与场合，名称各不相同，比如孔庙、文庙、学宫、圣宫、县学、儒学、黉宫、红学以及如今老百姓口中的“文化馆”等。由于特殊的历史和文化背景，其建筑规模、修缮次数、碑记数量，都是全县其他历史建筑所不能比拟的。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>过去的几百年间，文庙屡修屡圮，每个时期呈现出不同的建筑格局，可以说一代人有一代人心中的文庙。本文从<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>六张图片</strong>入手，谈谈历史上霍邱文庙的建筑规模。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p></section><section style='box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center; justify-content: center; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; background-color: rgb(147, 176, 108); padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px; min-width: 10%; max-width: 100%; flex: 0 0 auto; height: auto; align-self: flex-end;'><section style='font-size: 22px;color: #ffffff;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'><strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>1</strong></span></p></section></section><section style='box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; align-self: flex-end; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px; border-color: rgb(147, 176, 108) rgb(62, 62, 62); min-width: 10%; max-width: 100%; flex: 0 0 auto; height: auto; margin-left: 10px;'><section style='margin-top: 4px; margin-bottom: 4px; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='color: #93b06c;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>明万历时期</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style='text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box;'><br></p></section><section style='text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;max-width: 100% !important;box-sizing:border-box;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;'></span></p></section></section><section style='text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='text-align: center; vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>图1：万历《霍丘县志》载文庙建筑群</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>万历《霍丘县志》修纂于明万历二十四年（1596），图1反映了这个时期的霍邱文庙造型及规模。由于明代的《霍邱县志》目前<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>仅存此一部</strong>，所以愈显珍贵。该图是由北及南的正向俯视图，这与清代诸种县志的绘制视角相反（可参照图2—4）。图中由南及北按规制分别建有棂星门、泮池、戟门、圣殿和明伦堂，整体呈中轴线布局。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>万历《霍邱县志》对文庙中轴线上建筑的造型做了记载，比如<strong>棂星门</strong>有“三座”，为“冲天柱”样式，<strong>泮池</strong>在“戟门外，桥三洞”，<strong>戟门</strong>有“三间，东西耳房各一间”等。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>在中轴线两侧，分别建有“<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>两亭</strong>”“<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>三祠</strong>”。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>在棂星门左侧，建有儒学门和敬一亭，其中<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>敬一亭</strong>较为特殊，据万历《汾州府志》卷三载：“敬一亭，内设世宗肃皇帝（嘉靖）敬一箴及御制五箴注，州县俱同”，又据万历《合州志》卷二载：“敬一亭，嘉靖十年奉诏增建”，说明这是嘉靖十年（1531）设立的“全国连锁”建筑，用来放置嘉靖皇帝为宣扬儒学、教化天下亲自撰写的劝诫文章《敬一箴》，以及他所注解的“视、听、言、动、心”五箴言石碑。在敬一亭以北，分别为名宦祠、启圣祠，前者用来宣扬家乡走出去的“大官”“好官”，后者用以祭祀孔子先祖及部分先贤先儒的父辈。彼时两祠各有房三间。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>在棂星门右侧，建有遗爱亭，用来存放记载历任“霍邱好知县”的石碑。遗爱亭以北是乡贤祠，顾名思义，用以表彰霍邱本地涌现的“杰出人才”，这在今后的公众号推文中会作专门介绍。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>万历《霍邱县志》中还记载了文庙前的两条重要街道：</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>一条为“<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>兴贤街</strong>”，明成化二十年（1484）由知县萧翀“开学前地”所建。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>另一条为“<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>青云路</strong>”（即今“<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>云路街</strong>”），明成化初年由“通学生裴源清等呈院开创，寻发科第”。同治《霍邱县志》卷十《人物志》对裴源清开创此路有较为详细地记载，大致意思是说，“形家”认为，学宫前不宜有障蔽，州郡一级的文庙其正门相对处都铺设了直道，叫“青云路”，取“青云直上”之意，但霍邱未有。明成化年间，霍邱知县高公（高升）修缮学宫，于是裴源清倡议开拓之，“直突而南，右达通衢”，之后霍邱诸生果然“科第蝉联”，取得了骄人的成绩，后人因此铭记高公的肇始之功和裴氏的开拓之绩。此外，该县志还记载了裴氏高中明经后，“不乐仕进，家食而终”，可见是位颇有“个性”的明代书生。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p></section><section style='box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center; justify-content: center; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; background-color: rgb(147, 176, 108); padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px; min-width: 10%; max-width: 100%; flex: 0 0 auto; height: auto; align-self: flex-end;'><section style='font-size: 22px;color: #ffffff;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'><strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>2</strong></span></p></section></section><section style='box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; align-self: flex-end; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px; border-color: rgb(147, 176, 108) rgb(62, 62, 62); min-width: 10%; max-width: 100%; flex: 0 0 auto; height: auto; margin-left: 10px;'><section style='margin-top: 4px; margin-bottom: 4px; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='color: #93b06c;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>清康熙时期</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style='text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p></section><section style='text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;max-width: 100% !important;box-sizing:border-box;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;'></span></p></section></section><section style='text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='text-align: center; vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>图2：康熙《霍邱县志》载文庙建筑群<br style='box-sizing: border-box;'></span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>清康熙《霍邱县志》修纂于康熙九年（1670），和图1相比，彼时霍邱文庙建筑有几个变化：</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>一是在儒学正门外，新建了<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>奎楼</strong>。奎楼又称“魁星楼”，被视作古城的“文峰”，有关这座阁楼的兴建历程，将作另文介绍。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>二是在明伦堂后新建了<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>尊经阁</strong>。据乾隆《霍邱县志》卷五载：“学宫旧无此阁，经始于明崇祯庚辰（1640）”，可见这座两层的阁楼始建于明末。在尊经阁后（以北），分别为教谕衙和训导衙，作为霍邱分管文教官员的办公场所。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>三是在敬一亭和名宦祠间新凿了“<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>状元井</strong>”。霍邱历史上从未出过状元，因此命名是为了讨个好彩头，重在解决文庙管理者、使用者的吃水问题。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p></section><section style='box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center; justify-content: center; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; background-color: rgb(147, 176, 108); padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px; min-width: 10%; max-width: 100%; flex: 0 0 auto; height: auto; align-self: flex-end;'><section style='font-size: 22px;color: #ffffff;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'><strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>3</strong></span></p></section></section><section style='box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; align-self: flex-end; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px; border-color: rgb(147, 176, 108) rgb(62, 62, 62); min-width: 10%; max-width: 100%; flex: 0 0 auto; height: auto; margin-left: 10px;'><section style='margin-top: 4px; margin-bottom: 4px; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='color: #93b06c;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>清乾隆时期</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style='text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box;'><br></p></section><section style='text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;max-width: 100% !important;box-sizing:border-box;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;'></span></p></section></section><section style='text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box;'><br></p><p style='text-align: center; vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>图3：乾隆《霍邱县志》载文庙建筑群</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>清乾隆县志修纂于乾隆十九年（1754），通过图3可见，彼时霍邱文庙建筑规模基本延续康熙时期，有两处变化：</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>其一，在敬一亭与名宦祠间新建“<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>忠义祠”</strong>。据乾隆《霍邱县志》卷五载：“忠义祠，学旁，知县陈守仁建”。查同书卷六，可知陈守仁为“云南石屏州进士，（雍正）四年任”，那么该祠应建于雍正四年（1726）之后，用以表彰城内忠义之士的事迹。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>其二，改棂星门西侧“遗爱亭”为“<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>志馆</strong>”，辟为修纂县志的固定场所。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>此外，该图还有一处细节值得留意，即棂星门两侧分别标注“<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>金声</strong>”“<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>玉振</strong>”匾额，这是古代文庙建筑的统一规制，与近代霍邱文庙棂星门两侧的牌匾内容有所不同（见图5），详下文。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p></section><section style='box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center; justify-content: center; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; background-color: rgb(147, 176, 108); padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px; min-width: 10%; max-width: 100%; flex: 0 0 auto; height: auto; align-self: flex-end;'><section style='font-size: 22px;color: #ffffff;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'><strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>4</strong></span></p></section></section><section style='box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; align-self: flex-end; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px; border-color: rgb(147, 176, 108) rgb(62, 62, 62); min-width: 10%; max-width: 100%; flex: 0 0 auto; height: auto; margin-left: 10px;'><section style='margin-top: 4px; margin-bottom: 4px; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='color: #93b06c;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>清同治时期</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style='text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box;'><br></p></section><section style='text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;max-width: 100% !important;box-sizing:border-box;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;'></span></p></section></section><section style='text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='text-align: center; vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>图4：同治《霍邱县志》载文庙建筑群</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>同治《霍邱县志》修纂于同治九年（1870），图4反映出彼时的文庙建筑出现了一些变化：</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>其一，在棂星门、儒学东侧，将“<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>四祠</strong>”（忠义、乡贤、名宦、崇圣）集中，并筑有四门及围墙，不过根据图中标注可知，在修志之时，“四祠俱毁未建”。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>其二，教谕署与训导署<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>分置</strong>，教谕署迁至中轴线以西，在原遗爱亭、乡贤祠处。训导署位置不变，在尊经阁西北处。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>其三，在戟门之外、泮池以西，建有<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>土地祠</strong>。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>这份《县学之图》是目前可见绘制最详细的霍邱文庙图引，连<strong>先师殿檐角的铃铛</strong>都清晰可见。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p></section><section style='box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center; justify-content: center; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; background-color: rgb(147, 176, 108); padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px; min-width: 10%; max-width: 100%; flex: 0 0 auto; height: auto; align-self: flex-end;'><section style='font-size: 22px;color: #ffffff;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'><strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>5</strong></span></p></section></section><section style='box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; align-self: flex-end; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px; border-color: rgb(147, 176, 108) rgb(62, 62, 62); min-width: 10%; max-width: 100%; flex: 0 0 auto; height: auto; margin-left: 10px;'><section style='margin-top: 4px; margin-bottom: 4px; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='color: #93b06c;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>解放前</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style='text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p></section><section style='text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;max-width: 100% !important;box-sizing:border-box;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;'></span></p></section></section><section style='text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='text-align: center; vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>图5：霍邱县立中学时期文庙建筑造型</span></p><p style='text-align: center; vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>（照片由穆志强先生提供）</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'> </span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>该图为诸生在霍邱文庙棂星门前的合影，建筑上方有“霍邱县立中学”字样。查1992年版《霍邱县志》，“霍邱县立初级中学”于民国29年（1940）迁校址于文庙，次年即1941年招高一新生，改校名为“<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>霍邱县立中学</strong>”。1949年春，县立中学、农职学校、霍邱简师三校合并，建立“霍邱中学”，因此图片反映的当为<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>1941至1949年间</strong>的文庙造型。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>细查图片，有三处值得留意：</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>其一，棂星门改用砖砌，有三拱门，中门上方有“棂星门”匾，中门两侧有石狮一对。两侧门上方牌匾依稀可见，分别为“<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>道冠古今</strong>”（左）、“<strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>金声玉振</strong>”（右）。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>其二，透过棂星门，可见戟门尚在，门洞窄小，与今日风貌不同。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>其三，棂星门与戟门间，有拱形路面，或为泮池桥面，今已不存。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p></section><section style='box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center; justify-content: center; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; background-color: rgb(147, 176, 108); padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px; min-width: 10%; max-width: 100%; flex: 0 0 auto; height: auto; align-self: flex-end;'><section style='font-size: 22px;color: #ffffff;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'><strong style='box-sizing: border-box;'>6</strong></span></p></section></section><section style='box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; align-self: flex-end; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px; border-color: rgb(147, 176, 108) rgb(62, 62, 62); min-width: 10%; max-width: 100%; flex: 0 0 auto; height: auto; margin-left: 10px;'><section style='margin-top: 4px; margin-bottom: 4px; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='color: #93b06c;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>如今的文庙</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style='text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p></section><section style='text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;box-sizing:border-box;vertical-align: middle;width: 530px;height: auto;'></span></p></section></section><section style='text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='text-align: center; vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>图6：如今的霍邱文庙</span></p><p style='text-align: center; vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>（作者2021年8月18日航摄并制图）</span></p><p style='text-align: center; vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>通过航拍图，可以清晰地了解霍邱文庙的建筑遗存情况。由图可见，目前中轴线建筑有戟门、大成殿、明伦堂、尊经阁，戟门与大成殿间的两庑尚存，原教谕署、训导署部分建筑尚存，棂星门、泮池、奎楼、儒学以及“四祠”皆不存。文庙建筑的整体格局保存完好。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p></section><section style='text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='vertical-align:inherit;line-height: 2em;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;max-width: 100% !important;box-sizing:border-box;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;'></span></p></section></section><section style='text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='text-align: center; vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'> 棂星门西侧原教谕署建筑遗存</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>以上选取了400余年间，6个时间段的霍邱文庙建筑图片，为我们直观地了解这座县域内大型古代建筑提供了便利。</span></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><br></p><p style='vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;'><span style='box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'>霍邱文庙建于何时？历代经历了哪些重要的重修或增建？修建的发起者和参与者又是谁？且听下回分解。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section data-role="paragraph"><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(127, 92, 50); font-size: 16px; font-family: 微软雅黑; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial;'><section style='margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='padding-left: 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 10px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(128, 195, 223); border-left: 1px solid rgb(128, 195, 223); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(128, 195, 223); border-top-left-radius: 10px; border-bottom-left-radius: 10px;'><section style='margin: 15px 40px 15px 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><p style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>原载于《明清方志中的霍邱古城》一书，作者穆迪，字道甯，霍邱人，古代文学博士，现居上海。</span><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>识别二维码添加霍邱文史公众号<br style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></span></strong></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>关注更多霍邱文史作品</span></strong></section><p style='margin-bottom: 0em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 1.6em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;vertical-align: bottom;height: auto !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 258px !important;'></span></p></section></section><section style='outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section></div><p></p> 霍邱应该把这个古建筑群重新修缮清退里面的住户和办公场所保护好这个城内唯一的古建 {:20_1041:}{:20_1041:}{:20_1041:} {:face_084:}{:face_084:} {:face_068:}{:face_068:}{:face_084:}{:face_084:} {:face_068:}{:face_068:}{:face_068:} 图文并茂，值得推荐！{:face_075:}{:face_068:}{:face_068:} 应该开发为人文旅游资源 不仅里面的住户，院墙外适当范围内的住户也得同时清理拆迁等，这样才能尽最大可能减少生活出行等问题对遗址带来的伤害。
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